Footnote 2
Published THERAPEUTIC Dose Studies (all for short-term use)
Milk Thistle
- 300mg/kg/day: Exhibited pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and possibly anti-cancer benefits in animals (source)
- 400mg/kg/day: Exhibited remarkable anti-diabetic activity after 14 days in animal models (source)
- 750mg/kg/day: Exhibited chemoprotective efficacy against induced colon cancer in animals (source)
EPA/DHA
400 mg/kg/day:
- Chemotherapy-induced liver and kidney toxicity in animals resulted in favorable effects in liver and kidney tissues by preventing oxidative damage in 2 weeks. (source)
- Improved electrical activities of the brain and reduced side effects of radiation after 28 days. (source)
- Demonstrated a significant protective effect on cardiovascular disease after 1 month. (source)
1000 mg/kg:
- Protects against animal convulsion-models, delaying seizures. (source)
- Protects the liver from steatotic injuries. [LINK: https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=360202]
Ashwagandha
200 mg/kg/day: Yielded the best immunomodulatory dose in animal models (source)
300 mg/kg/day:
- Yielded the most effective dose for treating Parkinson’s in animal models (source)
- Ameliorated the toxicity produced during chemotherapy in animal models (source)
- Prevented bone marrow suppression during chemotherapy in animal models (source)
Bacopa monnieri
- 125-250 mg/kg: Positively modulates brain antioxidant responses in animal (source)
- * 300 mg/kg: Reverses epileptic associated changes and have therapeutic application in epilepsy management (source)
Footnote 3
Published Maximum/Threshold Dose Studies
Milk Thistle
- “Therapeutic” doses of silymarin have been reported to be nontoxic and symptom free with the maximum oral doses of 2500 and 5000 mg/kg. (source)
EPA/DHA
- In a 90-day study, animals were orally administered water or DHA-algal oil at concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg in combination with 2000, 1500, 1000 or 0 mg/kg DHA-containing fish oil, respectively. Additional animals were administered water, 2000 mg/kg DHA-algal oil, or 2000 mg/kg fish oil for 90 days, followed by a 4-week recovery phase. No treatment-related effects were observed in clinical observations, food and water consumption, mortality, gross pathology, and histopathology. (source)
1000 mg/kg:
- Protects against animal convulsion-models, delaying seizures. (source)
- Protects the liver from steatotic injuries. (source)
- High dose should only be used for short term, therapeutic use as prescribed to manage a specific health concern. Long term supplementation of EPA and DHA should be less than 370mg/kg/day. – Nutrient Requirement of Dogs and Cats (2006), National Research Council
Ashwagandha
* toxicity studies: Based on this study, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level of WSE is 2000 mg/kg body weight, the highest level tested. (source)
Bacopa monnieri
* Toxicity studies: 1,500 mg/kg for 270 days yielded no toxicity. B. monnieri extract at doses of 30, 60, 300 and 1,500 mg/kg given for 270 days did not produce any toxicity in animals. (source)
